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Target Industry and End-Uses of Green Fuels

DavidPoliDavidPoli Posts: 39 XPRIZE
We at XPRIZE are considering pursuing a competition that would incentivize the creation of low-emissions fuels that could replace fossil fuels and accelerate decarbonization in hard-to-abate sectors. When thinking about the judging in such a competition, it might be important to incorporate the use of that fuel in a specific application, such as industrial processing or long-haul transportation.

What end-use for a low-emissions fuel, and in what industry, would be most impactful for XPRIZE to ask competitors to demonstrate? What end-uses could potentially support multiple industries? The challenge would be to select applications that have the potential to scale to a level that significantly accelerates decarbonization, but can be demonstrated at a scale that is accessible to the small and medium-sized innovators that XPRIZE seeks out.

Comments

  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Hi @nastben, @gyyang, @Ruslana, @RegenTower, @marcelschreier, @CO2Cap_SysEng, @b0bbybaldi - In your opinion what would be target industry and end-uses of green fuels.
  • b0bbybaldib0bbybaldi Posts: 16 ✭✭
    Hi, @Shashi and @DavidPoli I think you are headed in the right direction in this prize. Like many things in energy, though, it's not anything new.

    The most successful cases for fuel decarbonisation are those of Ethanol in Brazil and BioDiesel in Germany; both were linked with local agricultural production and pushed with strong government incentives. I would advise researching and investigating more on those to better understand how these could develop. A few years ago, there was a push for coal extracted fuels, which had a lower content of emitters than alternatives in places with considerable coal resources such as South Africa, where they could manufacture jet fuel with it. Another source of fossil fuels with less carbon than the alternatives set to pick up a few years ago was liquified gas/petroleum fuels. Countries like Trinidad and Tobago, which had sizable gas reserves but a relatively small local market, invested much in this technology. As you can see, there have been many successful cases in the past. Still, all have been tied to strong governmental support while utilising local competitive advantages to the utmost of their capacities.

    Before Electric Vehicles started picking up, there was much interest in alternative fuels such as other biomass (like coming from wood pellets), water for hydrogen with electrolysis, etc. The short term interest for these new alternatives has decreased.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Thanks @b0bbybaldi for sharing these insights.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Hi @agval, @akb, @clabeaux, @SPSBadwal, @Access600, @Jesse_Nyokabi, @PhilDeLuna, @CeProSARD - Curious to know your thoughts on target industry and end-uses of green fuels.
  • agvalagval Posts: 6
    Hi @Shashi. I would say that it depends on the region. For example, the case of hydrogen from water has reached a new level of interest worldwide. There are now multi-billion programs in North America, Australia, Europe, Asia and the Middle East whose target is to produce green hydrogen in a couple of years. Further, the use of these e-fuels, either as hydrogen, methane or ammonia, has also seen a considerable increase in development projects for end-users. Just to give you an example, it is expected that Japan shows its leadership on the matter during the Olympics, whilst the marine industry is now working on the scrutiny of ammonia as a new fuel to power 40% of the sector by the next decade. Other programs on cement, steel, large power, even propulsion and transport are underway with very ambitious targets. The large interest is these e-fuels is now very tangible, and it will soon start reaching all corners of the planet.
  • akbakb Posts: 212 ✭✭✭
    @Shashi and @DavidPoli
    Potentially there are a lot of opportunities for green fuels and that includes all of the uses we currently have for fuel, e.g.
    • An energy source for electrical power (see its role in the Global Renewable Energy Network)
    • A source of heat for indoor heating and cooking [although this might be phased out]
    • Industrial and chemical processes (e.g. manufacture of steel, concrete and chemicals)
    • Transport (e.g. lorries, trains, aeroplanes and rockets)

    Approaches that make use of existing infrastructure could, potentially, scale up rapidly, e.g. a green fuel that is compatible with the existing natural gas network into homes and industry.

    It would be wise to fully evaluate the life-cycle impact of new "green" fuels. Just like Newton's Laws of Motion, every action of society has a reaction (or impact) on the environment. For example, bio-fuels derived from dedicated farm land might mean less agricultural land is available for growing food. [A better option for such bio-fuels might be to dedicate land to food, and use the food and agricultural waste to derive bio-fuel. Hence nothing goes to waste.] Also, it's worth considering what environmental (and other) impacts are associated with developing, operating and decommissioning [and hopefully recycling] the associated infrastructure and facilities.
  • Jesse_NyokabiJesse_Nyokabi Posts: 10
    We should holistically look at the life-cycle impact of the new green fuels. it's worth considering what environmental impacts are associated with developing, operating and decommissioning [and possibly recycling] the associated infrastructure and facilities.
  • Jesse_NyokabiJesse_Nyokabi Posts: 10
    The use of these e-fuels, either as hydrogen, methane or ammonia, has also seen a considerable increase in development projects for end-users. More expected on this decade!
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Thanks @akb and @Jesse_Nyokabi for sharing your thoughts.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Hi @cqkang, @tedsargent, @RicardoChacartegui, @MarianoMM, @fusuntut, @SonyaD, @mikelandmeier, @Blauadler2, @Shepard, @Benoit, @carlbozzuto - You might have input to share on - What are the end-uses and target industry for green fuels and which green fuels could potentially support multiple industries?
  • ShepardShepard Posts: 5
    edited March 2021
    Hi @Shashi
    Thank you for the mention.
    If I'm being honest, I would say that this kind of competition is, to put it lightly, the opposite of productive. There are already such fuels, and still we should focus more on moving away from such fuels as a common-use combustion energy product. I would suggest that any resources or time XPRIZE would put in such a prize would be far better spent in places like regenerative agriculture or ocean health.
    I would be more than happy for any opportunity for further conversation on this.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Hi @Febbie, @Ksehgal, @Simon, @mounir, @nibizijeanmarie, @nyirendalevy, @Bethy, @hjaise, @jrugare, @adam - What is your take on end-uses of green fuels and what end-uses could potentially support multiple industries? We would love to hear your thoughts. Thanks.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Hi @KeithDPatch, @dwcollins1960, @CamCarbonCapture, @hopkepk, @bartc, @jwangjun, @ACESChris, @peterstyring, @Adaryani, @josephjjames - As you have vast experience and knowledge in energy and decarbonization would love to hear your take on end-uses of green fuels and what end-uses could potentially support multiple industries? Thanks.
  • gyyanggyyang Posts: 3
    edited March 2021
    > @Shashi said:
    > Hi @nastben, @gyyang, @Ruslana, @RegenTower, @marcelschreier, @CO2Cap_SysEng, @b0bbybaldi - In your opinion what would be target industry and end-uses of green fuels.

    I guess most have been said by respectful colleagues. my opinion would be targeting industries like HVAC. Those sectors may not need high energy density in some places therefore could be easy to start with. But if we talk about ground breaking innovation other sectors like transportation etc could be within the picture.
  • b0bbybaldib0bbybaldi Posts: 16 ✭✭
    @gyyang & @Shashi HVAC could be an option but to be impactful I would still think about transportation because of the magnitude of it, for HVAC I would actually push for alternative solutions such as this one: https://www.monodraught.com/about-us/company-profile
  • RegenTowerRegenTower Posts: 5
    Commercial and Non-Commercial industries that would include Commercial Wind Farms and Non-Commercial Businesses, Residential, RV, Boat and Offgrid end users.
    Regentower.com
    Windgens.com
    Watergens.com
  • RegenTowerRegenTower Posts: 5
    It seems to me that safe electricity production would be #1 priority to me. Without an abundance of electricity production, we will always be losing fight against global warming.
    The answer to all the problems renewable energy generators have and make, including global warming and freeze ups is here.

    www.RegenTower.com
    www.WindGens.com
    www.WaterGens.com
  • MagnetoMagneto Posts: 2
    What if we consider the possible idea of ​​the Lorents Force Potential contained in neodymium megnets as a viable energy source, I mean, the energy is already stored that is the container of "fuel" and it is unquestionable that it can produce Continuous movement towards basic mechanical systems and by means of electrical pulses controlled with also basic electronics, a "perpetual" and stable generation of synetic force can be maintained that at the same time can produce constant electrical energy, as any other generator does. (Obviously there is wear and tear and loss of strength at some point) but believe me it is by no means nothing compared to putting daily fuel to an engine.

    Then then, to produce fuels "of any kind" we require energy, it can be produced locally in large quantities, off-grid, on demand 24/7 and in ridiculously small spaces.

    The potential can achieve energy self-supply, for example in the most modern steel industry plasma arc is required for smelting. The thermal applications of many industries for transformation processes can be replaced by gas or fuel oil towards zero emission electrical resistance systems, for example.

    The solution is applicable for electric mobility of any type off-grid and without the need for batteries in electric vehicles because it would have a generator on board.

    It is just a matter of imagining the matter. By the way, outside the cost of hardware and basic maintenance, the real energy cost is 1% against other energies including nuclear and the environmental cost is 0 as a finished product, considering outside the emissions generated in the manufacturing stages of the components that make up the solution and that are offset by the benefit that is offered.
  • MagnetoMagneto Posts: 2
    Another example for this Magnetic Electricity Generation Application is that we can produce a REALLY HUGE AMOUNT of GREEN HYDROGEN capturing the relative humidity from air turning it into water an then into hydrogen by electrilisis, OH YES WE CAN! and locally.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Thanks @gyyang, @b0bbybaldi, @RegenTower and @Magneto - Thanks for sharing your thoughts. We have taken a note of it.
  • carlbozzutocarlbozzuto Posts: 29 ✭✭
    CO2 is routinely captured from natural gas wells and vented. Both Texas and California have oil fields that are amenable to CO2 enhanced oil recovery. Additional pipelines are needed to move that CO2 to where it can be utilized. The Gulf Coast produces a lot of energy in the form of oil and gas. Some of that oil is hydrotreated. Hydrogen is usually produced by steam reforming methane. There are CO2 emissions from that process. That CO2 can be captured and sent for EOR while the hydrogen can be used in refinery applications for hydrotreating the oil. Soft drinks, dry ice, and sodium bicarbonate (AlkaSeltzer) are all made from CO2. Captured CO2 needs to be substituted for mined CO2 or combustion generated CO2. Greenhouses can use some additional CO2 to accelerate plant growth. Cement can absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. MIT has indicated that concrete roadways and cement buildings can be optimized to capture more CO2 than they do today. Fermentation produces CO2. That CO2 can be collected and used in many of the processes above. Jet fuel is needed for air transportation. Fossil fuels can be gasified to produce a synthesis gas. The CO2 from that process can be captured and utilized in one of the steps above. The synthesis gas can be converted to jet fuel by the Fischer Tropsch process. Any light hydrocarbons that are produced can be burned to provide heat for the process. The CO2 generated can be captured and utilized as above. Any residual CO can be recycled back to the synthesis gas reactor, thus, minimizing any CO2 emissions. The resulting jet fuel will then be a low carbon fuel.
  • ShashiShashi Posts: 596 admin
    Thanks @carlbozzuto for sharing these insights. I would further like to understand if the said fuel can be only used for transportation or for other industries as well?
  • carlbozzutocarlbozzuto Posts: 29 ✭✭
    Jet fuel is primarily kerosene. The FT process produces several hydrocarbon fuels. I suggested jet fuel because the airline industry does not have very many other options. The is no electric plane, no solar plane, no wind plane, no hydro plane, etc. Jet planes need jet fuel. In principle, once synthesis gas is available, nearly any hydrocarbon can be produced. Kerosene and diesel are very similar. Anything that uses diesel can use kerosene.
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